Measuring bowl



Sept. 9, 1924. A

' R. R. JOHNSON MEASURING BOWL Filed March 31 1922 Patented Sept. 9,1924.

UNITED STATES RICHARD R. J CHNSON, OF GREAT FALLS, MONTANA.

MEASURING BOWL.

Application filed March 31, 1922. Serial No. 548,519.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, Brennan R. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United Statesof America, and a resident of Great Falls, Cascade County, Montana, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Measuring Bowls, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improve ments in measuring bowls andthe like; and the nature and objects of the invention will be readilyunderstood by those skilled in the art in the light of the followingexplanation and detailed description of the accompanying drawingsillustrating what I at present consider to be the preferred embodimentsor mechanical expressions of my invention from among various otherforms,

arrangements combinations and construe.

tions within the spirit-and scope thereof.

The invention pertains and is applicable generally to bowls andcontainers employed in the arts for measuring and mixing variousmaterials, and ingredients, as well as for other purposes, butisparticularly directed and applicable to the types of bowls used indentistry for mixing so-call'ed investment materials. In the practice ofdentistry it is necessary to prepare various mixes from investmentmaterials for use in carrying out certain dental work. Atth'e presenttime flexible rubber bowlsare in practically universal use by dentistsfor mixing investment materials and for similar purposes, as well knownto those familiar with the practice of dentistry. These rubber' mixingbowls are formed of a degree of flexibility to permit of their beingflexed orcompressed to break up and remove any materials or mix whichhas become hardened therein, yet the bowls have suflicient stiffness orrigidity to normally retain their proper shape and form as bowls.

In the usual method followed in preparing a mix in one of these rubberbowls, water,

for example, is first poured into the bowl in what is estimated to bethe necessary quantity to properly prepare the desired amount andcharacter of mix, then, the plaster or other investment materials to beused are placed into the bowl in what is estimated to be the propervquantity, and the contents of the bowl are then stirred with a s atulaor other suitable instrument, until the materials are properly mixed.Now, with theuse of mixing bowls of the type referred to, the quantitiesand amountsof the materialsplaced therein to preparea desired mix arenecessarily roughly estimated or guessed at, as there are no guides orindications by which the user can gauge or measure the quantities of thematerial being placed or poured into a bowl. Experience has shownthatthe usu'altendency in'plaoing -materials in a bowl to prepare a mix isto over estimate the amount or quantity of the y PATENT oFFIiCEQmaterial, so that the resulting mix is usually more thanrequired andwaste results. v

lVith the use of the expensive investment materials essential in castmetal inlay work, it is readily seen that the waste resulting frompreparing excessive quantities of a mix will in the aggregate amount toa considerable loss and expense.- Further, the preparation of mixes withthe referred to';'

type of bowl by the foregoing method dependent upon rough estimationandguess,

results in a lack of uniformity in the mixesso prepared and a naturaldecrease in the' i quality and character of the work utilizing and basedupon such mixes. It follows from the foregoing specific mixing bowlproblem encountered, in the practice of dentistry, that in other artsand with the use generally of bowls for mixing purposes this problem ispresent where it is necessary to place materials in a bowl without anyguide or indication by which the quantities and amounts can be measured.1

Therefore, one of the main objects of-the present invention is toprovide a mixing bowl or container so constructed and arranged as toovercome the aforementioned problems by forming the bowl with permanentmarkingsand indications incorporated in and forming a part ofthe body ofthe bowl to provide 'graduations by which the quantities of materialplaced can be readily and rapidly gauged or measured. 7 A. further ob'ect of the invention is to provide a measuring bowl formed of elementshaving different appeals to the eye, so arranged and combined inassembled bowl forming relation as to provide a series .of permanentindications or graduations in the bowl by. means of which material canbe measured therein to therequired quantity.

A- further objectof-the invention is to provide a flexible rubber oranalogous material bowl, formed from superposed rings and bands ofdiflerently colored material arranged in contrasting coloredrelationship in the bowl to provide a series of permanent graduationswithin the bowl by means of which a user can readily measure or gaugethe quantity of material placed into the bowl; and to provide a bowl soformed in which the desired flexible characteristic is retained withoutdetracting from. the durability or life of the bowl, or from thepermanency of the gradutations tormed'therein.

A further objectof the invention is to provide a mixing and'measuringbowl'having a series of circumferential graduations around the innersurface of the bowl and incorporated in and forming a part of the bodyof the bowl, so that in using the bowl these graduations provide a gaugeby means of which the quantity or material placed therein can bemeasured to that'required for the particular purpose for which thematerial is intended.

A further object of the invention is to provide a method of formingflexible-rubber measuring bowls from a series of rings and bands ofdilierently colored rubber to obtain a series of permanent indicationsfor graduations in and forming a part of the body of the bowl.

With the foregoing and various other objects in view, which will bereadily recognized and appreciated by those skilled in the artsinvolved, the invention consists in certain novel features inconstructions and in arrangements and combinations of elements, as morefully and particularly set forth and specifiedhereinafter.

Referring to the accompanyingdrawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a measuring bowl formed'inacc'ordance'with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section through a measuring bowl of theform and construction of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view in vertical section of the elements of a bowl of theform of Fig. 1, the elements being shown in their proper relativepositions for assembly and formation into a bowl by the method of the invention.

Fig. 4c is a vertical section through another form of bowl embodying theinvention.

Figs. 5 and 6, are vertical sections of other forms of bowls embodyingthe invention. r

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated the invention asapplied to and forming measuring bowls of the flexible rubber'typeemployed by dentists for mixing investment materials, due to the factthat the problems solved by the invention are encountered in anexaggerated form in such types and material of bowl and serve to moreclearly illustrate andbring forth the invention and the problemsovercome thereby. However, it is not intended to limit the invention tothe types of bowl illustrated and described herewith purely by way ofexample, as it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art thatthe invention'is applicable to mixing bowls and containers generallywhere it is desirable to her so that in effect circumferential linesforming indications or graduations 14,

15 and 16 are provided around the inner' surface of the bowl between theadjacent abutting and joined edges of the contrastingly colored base andbands of which the bowl A is formed. In the illustratedexv ample, thebase 10 and bands 11, 12 and 13 are formed from rubber of two colors ands are arranged in alternate relation to form the bowl, that is a band ofone CO1OI.'Of

rubber is superposed upon'and joined to a band of the other color rubberand this is carried out so that the bands "forming the bowl arealternately of different and contrasting color to the'color of the bandsrespectively adjacent and :joinedthereto. In

the present instance, red and'black rubber are used, rubber of'these twoCOlOI'S bQIDg common and in universal commercial use as well known inthis art, and the bowl :base '10 is formed of black rubber, .theband '11superposed on and joining the base 10 formed of red rubber,the next band12 is blackrubber, and the top or'upperband 13 is ofred rubber- Thus,the arrangement of alternatelyjoining black and red bands ofrubber toform the bowl A, provides the inner circumferentialindications orgraduations 14, 15 and 16 at diiferent levels or depths within-the bowlat the abutting and joined edges of the contrastingly colored bands.

In this manner the bowl A. is-iormed with permanent graduationsincorporated in and forming a part of the body of the bowl by means ofwhich thequantity of material placed therein can'be gauged.

A'flexible rubber measuring bowl of the type above described, canbe-formed by: preparing the base 10 and bands 11,12 and 13 of thedesireddifterent'colored unvulcan-ized rubber, then assembling 'the'baseandbands in proper bowl forming andcontrastingly colored relation, asshown in Fig. 3 ofthe drawings. The shape ofthe bowl can be formed asdesired by the diameter and'curvature given the base and bandsof whichreadily apparent. .After the baseand bands are in proper relation theyare superposed with the adjacent edges abutting and placed in a suitablevulcanizing form or mold and there VtllCfllllZECl' together to providethe integral, one-piece bowl body in which the graduations 14, 15 and 16are permanently incorporated in and form a part of the bowl body. I

Another form of the invention is illus: trated in Fig. 4, in which thebase 10, and

the bowl forming bands 11, 12 and 13 are formed of one color of rubberand have the thin xfiat rings 17, 18 and 19 interposed.

therebetween, respectively. I

I The rings 17, 18 and '19 are of a width equal to the thickness of the.bowls with their inner peripheral edges flush with the inner surface ofthe bowl and forming circumferential graduations or lines around theinner surfaceof the bowl. In this form of the invention the bowl B isformed by vulcanizing the bands and graduation rings together, so thatthe rings form and become an integral permanent part of the'body of thebowl. An effective color scheme for the bowl B is to form the base 10,and bands 11, 12 and 13 of black rubber, and the graduation rings 17, 18and 19 of white rubber, as shown in the drawings, so that the blackrubber of the base and bands provides a background for the white rubberrings. I

In Fig. 5 of the drawings, another form and embodiment of which theinvention is capable is illustrated. In this form a bowl C is composedof a one-piece flexible rubber body 20, which is provided withcircumferential grooves in the inner surface of the bowl body 20 atdifierent depths or levels therein, and the ring or the like inserts 21,22 and 23 are placed in the grooves and vulcanized therein to form thegraduations or lines integral with and forming a permanent part of thebowl body. In the illustrated example of this form of the invention,

' the bowl body 20 is formed of black rubber and the rings or graduationforming inserts 21, 22 and 23 are formed of which white rubber, asclearly indicated in Fig. 5.

The form of measuring bowl D embodying the invention and illustrated inFig. 6 of the drawings, comprises the one piece bowl forming body 24 inwhich graduation lines 25, 26 and 27 are formed around the inner surfaceof the bowl at different levels therein. Inv this form of bowl the lines25, 26 and 27 may be placed on' the inner surface of the bowl bysuitably discoloring the material of which the bowl is formed, or wheremolded or the like from plastic material the graduations lines may beformed thereon in the process of forming the bowl.

As illustrated, the bowl body is formed of black material and thegraduations are formed thereon as a white color-toclearly standoutagainstthe block of the inner surface of the bowl body.

I here the invention isembodied in and provides a flexible rubber bowlof the type employed in, dentistry for mixing investment and the likematerials, the graduationsformed in the bowl provide a means by."

which the materials to prepare a mix can" be measured thereinto nsurethe necessary amounts for the required mix withoutwaste'" of materialthrough rough estimation orguess as to the quantities of the: materialplaced therein. .In each instance,.-the.user will know the requiredamountslwh icl should "be placed in thebowland the particular graduationformed in the boWl by which each amount is determined or measured, sothat it merely becomes necessary to place the materials in the bowl tothe proper graduations to prepare the required mix.

expensive waste of investment and like'ma- It is thus clear, that by theuse of the graduated bowls of the invention, the

come and a uniformity and standardization of the mixes prepared results.I Further, the

flexible bowls embodying the invention re tain the requiredfiexibilitybut without impairing or detracting from the permanency ofthe graduations bybreak1ng,crack1n or in wear and use of a bowl, as thegra uations are incorporated in and form an integral part of the body ofthey bowl and have a life and effectiveness equal to the life of thebowl.

The various features of the invention can be applied generally to mixingbowls, containers and graduates employed in the arts and are not limitedto the flexible rubbertype, as they are equally applicable to othertypesand materials, particularly in bowls or containers subject to the actionof great wear and of corrosive action of the materials used therein. Thenumber and arrangement lie of the bands and rings forming thegraduations is not limited to the illustrated bowls,

nor are the colors illustrated an essential. feature of the invention,as any number, ar-

rangement or colors may be utilized without stepping beyond the limitsof the invention.

If desired the contrasting -colors ,may not' be employed, but insteadthe graduations may be formed by bands or rings having differentlyformed surfaces to provide the broadest manner :legeill y possible, whatI claim is 1. A measuring bowl including a series of superposed rings ofcontrasting colors joined together-to form the bowl, the joined edges ofsaid contrastingly colored rings forming a series *ofgraduations withn'the bowl.

2; A flexible measuring bowl provided with gradualtions' formed byseparate elements incorporated in and forming an integral part of thebodyof the bowl.

3. A measuring bowl including a series of rings of contrasting colors,thesaid-rings superposed in -registration With their adja- '-cent edges'zibutting and joined "together to form a substantially integralone-piece bowl structure.

4'. A flexible'ineasuring bowl including a series of rings superposed inzilinement' with their edges abuttingand joined together, *the joinededges" of said ringsproviding it-series of "circumferential graduationsaround the "inner surface of the bowl.

"'5. A fieirilolerubber mixing :bowl including a seriesofcontrasting1ycolored rubber theinnersurface 'of' the bowl.

rings superposed with their adjacent Fri-but- -ting edges securedtogetherto form 'a onepiece bowl, the said *co'ntrastin'gly coloredrubber rings forming a :series of 'circum- 'ferentia-l gr-aduationstherebetWeen Iar'ound 6. A flexible rubber measuring ""bo'wl formed of abase, and a series of rubber rings superposed thereon and having-theiradjacent abuttingedges vulcanized together "to'provide a one-piecebowl,the-said-rings contrastingly colored whereby the bowl is dividedinto a-Series of depths indicated at c the merging of 'the'color of*therings with the colors of the rings adjacentfthereto;

respectively.

7. In "a measuring bowl, a series of ringlike "elements having differentvisual :ap- *pe2ils,; the ,said' elements superposerl' in registrationand joined together to form substantially integral one-piece bowl walls,

and "the "said elements of different isual appeals so joined forming aseries :of 1 gra'duations 1n and on- 'the bowl walls.

' RICHARD JOHNSGN.

